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At the National Foundation for Cancer Research (NFCR), we are dedicated to providing patients and families with vital information to stay healthy during every step of the cancer journey.

One critical topic during treatment is infection prevention.

Because many cancer treatments — including chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy — can weaken the immune system, it is essential to take extra precautions to protect yourself from infections.

Why Infection Prevention Matters

During treatment, your body’s ability to fight germs may be lower than usual. Even a minor infection can become serious very quickly. By following simple, daily practices, you can significantly lower your risk and stay focused on your healing.

Key Strategies for Staying Safe

1. Practice Excellent Hand Hygiene

• • Wash your hands often with soap and water, especially before eating, after using the bathroom, and after being in public spaces.
  • If soap and water are not available, use a hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol.
  • Encourage friends and family to do the same when visiting.

2. Avoid Crowds and Sick Individuals

• • Stay away from large gatherings, especially indoors.
  • Politely ask friends or family members who are sick, even with a mild cold, to visit another time.
  • Wear a mask in public places if recommended by your healthcare team.

3. Protect Your Skin

• • Your skin is your first barrier against infection. Keep it clean and moisturized.
  • Treat cuts and scrapes promptly by cleaning them and covering them with a bandage.
  • Avoid activities that could easily cause cuts, scrapes, or burns.

4. Be Careful with Food Safety

• • Avoid raw or undercooked meats, seafood, and eggs.
  • Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly.
  • Avoid buffets, salad bars, and street food where food hygiene is uncertain.

5. Maintain Good Personal Hygiene

• • Shower or bathe daily if possible.
  • Brush your teeth gently with a soft toothbrush and rinse your mouth regularly to prevent infections in the mouth.
  • If you have a central line, catheter, or port, follow your care team’s instructions to keep it clean and safe.

6. Stay Up to Date on Vaccines — With Caution

• • Some vaccines (such as the flu shot) may still be recommended during treatment, but live vaccines are usually avoided.
  • Always consult your oncology team before getting any vaccination.

7. Monitor Your Health Closely

• • Take your temperature regularly if your doctor recommends it.
  • Report any signs of infection immediately, including:
    • Fever (100.4°F/38°C or higher)
    • Chills
    • Sore throat
    • Cough
    • Burning during urination
    • Redness, swelling, or pus from any wound

What to Do if You Feel Sick

If you develop a fever or symptoms of an infection:

• Call your healthcare provider immediately.
• Do not wait for symptoms to worsen before seeking help.
• Early treatment can prevent serious complications.

NFCR’s Message to You

At NFCR, we believe that taking proactive steps to protect yourself is essential to your cancer treatment journey. By practicing good hygiene, making careful choices in your environment, and staying alert to early signs of infection, you can help your body stay strong and resilient.

Remember: Prevention is powerful.

You are not alone — your care team and NFCR are here to support you every step of the way.

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